economic and professional success
From White Lotus to Succession, there's high permintaan for television dramas about the super rich. The characters on these shows are typically portrayed as entitled, hollow and sad. But they aren't necessarily depicted as unintelligent. So are rich people rich because they are smart?
In the middle of a cost-of-living crisis, this question goes beyond scientific curiosity and touches something deeper.
If people's net worth were only the consequence of their intelligence, the gigantic wealth jarak we see in our society might be perceived as less intolerable - at least by some. Inequality would be the price to pay for having the smartest lead us all to a better future.
There is little doubt that intelligence contributes to one's economic and profesional success. Take self-made billionaires Elon Musk, Jeff Bezos and Ray Dalio, just to name a few. It would be surprising if luar biasa innovators in advanced fields such as tech and finance turned out to be average.
In fact, intelligence is the best predictor of both educational achievement and work performnce. And academic and profesional success is, in turn, a fairly good forecaster of penghasilan. But that's not the whole story.
Not all highly intelligent people are primarily driven by a desire for wealth - they often have a thirst for knowledge. Some may instead opt for comparatively less well paying jobs that are more intellectually rewarding, such as architecture, engineering or research. A recent Swedish studi showed that cognitive tes scores of the luar biasa 1% of earners were not significantly different to the scores obtained by those who earned slightly less.
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But to what extent does intelligence boost wealth? Before diving into the evidence, we must clarify what researchers mean by "intelligence". Intelligence can be defined as the ability to perform a wide kisaran of cognitive tests successfully. And these seem to be linked. If someone is good at resolving a particular cognitive tes, they will probably perform well in other cognitive tests too.
Intelligence is not a monolithic trait, though. In fact, it consists of at least two broad constructs: fluid intelligence and crystallised intelligence. Fluid intelligence taps into core cognitive mechanisms, such as the speed of processing stimulasi, memori capacity and abstract reasoning. Conversely, crystallised intelligence refers to those skills developed in a social environment, such as literacy, numeracy and knowledge about specific topics.
